Optimizing the MoS 2 -based coating to overcome its humidity sensitivity is still a challenge. In this work, MoS 2 /Pb composite coatings with various Pb contents were synthesized by unbalanced magnetron sputtering system. The microstructures of the coatings change from loose columnar structure for pure MoS 2 to a compact featureless structure for Pb doped MoS 2 . The hardness and elastic modulus of the MoS 2 /Pb composite coatings gradually increase with the Pb content increase and exhibit a maximum value at Pb content of 8.9聽at%. Further increase in the Pb content results in a decrease in the hardness and elastic modulus of the coatings. The tribological performance of the coatings was systematically evaluated under different humidity conditions, and the underlying mechanisms were investigated. The results show that the mechanical property of the coating determines the wear properties under dry air; whereas the antioxidant property of the coating becomes prominent with regard to the wear-resistant in humid environmental. This benefits us to tailor or select the MoS 2 -based composite coatings for different operating conditions