Amphiphilic carbonaceousmaterial(ACM)wasblendedwithsodiumalginate(SA)andthendeposited
onto thepolyacrylonitrile(PAN)poroussupportlayertofabricateSA-ACM/PANhybridmembranes.Asa
two-dimensional material,ACMprovidedanisotropy,horizontalstackingorientationandhighaspect
ratio. Theabundantoxygen-containingfunctionalgroups(–NO2, –SO3H, –OH, –COOH andepoxygroup)
on theedgeofACM(provedbyX-rayphotoelectronspectroscopyandscanningelectronmicroscopewith
energy dispersiveX-ray(EDX)spectrometer)offeredthehydrophilicregion,whiletheunoxidizedparton
the surfaceofACMofferedhydrophobicregion.ThehydrophilicregiononACMcouldpreferentially
adsorb watermoleculesandthenfacilitatewatermoleculesenteringthetransportchannelduetothe
hydrogenbond,whilethehydrophobicregioncouldrealizethefastdiffusionofwatermolecules.The
small nanosheetsize(200–400nm,observedbyatomicforcemicroscopy)couldinterferethearrange-
ment ofpolymerchainsmoreefficiently.Thehybridmembranesexhibitedtheoptimalpermeation flux
of 1778g/m2 h andseparationfactorof1816forethanoldehydrationunder76 °C and10wt%feedwater
concentration, whichismuchhigherthanthatofSAmembrane(increasedby139%and306%,respec-
tively).